Balsam Poplar
Populus balsamifera
mîtos(Plains Cree)
The intensely fragrant sticky buds of balsam poplar in early spring are one of the most evocative scents in Alberta — the resin (‘balm of Gilead’) has been collected for traditional anti-inflammatory medicine for centuries. Fast-growing to 25 m tall and vital for riparian bank stabilization. Dioecious — seed fluff comes only from female trees.
Quick Facts
Distribution
Province-wide (riparian), Zone 1
Light
Full sun
Bloom Time
Mar–Apr (catkins)
Soil
Moist, deep, rich alluvial soils ideal; tolerates seasonal flooding
Water
High; often planted on streambanks
Growing & Cultivation
Best Planting Time
Early spring before bud break
Propagation
Extraordinarily easy — just stick a freshly-cut 20–30 cm dormant branch 15 cm deep in moist spring soil. Roots reliably. Also from root suckers.
